Dr. Robin Kay
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Web-Based Learning Tools

Distance Learning
Kay, R. H. (2009). The role of learning objects in distance learning: opportunities and challenges. In Rogers et al. (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, 2nd Edition (Volume 2) (pp. 1808-1813). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.

Individual Differences
Kay, R. H. (2012). Exploring individual differences in the impact of  web-based learning tools (WBLTs) on student attitudes and learning performance.  Research and Practice in Technology Enhanced Learning, 7(2), 89-104,

Kay, R. H. (2011). Exploring contextual differences and the effectiveness of web-based learning tools.  Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 7. 

Kay, R. H., & Knaack, L. (2008).  A formative analysis of individual differences in the effectiveness of learning objects in secondary school.  Computers & Education, 51(3), 1304-1320. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2008.01.001

Mathematics
Kay, R. H. (2012). Examining factors that influence the effectiveness of learning objects in mathematics classrooms.  Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics, and Technology Education, 12(4), 350-366. doi: 10.1080/14926156.2012.732189

Kay, R. H. (2011) Exploring the impact of web-based learning tools in middle school mathematics and science classrooms.  Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 30 (2), 141-162.

Kay, R. H., & Kletskin, I. (2010). Evaluating the use of learning objects for improving calculus readiness. Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 29(1), 87-104.

Kay, R. H. & Knaack, L. (2008). Investigating the use of learning objects for secondary school mathematics. Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects. 4, 269-289. 

Middle School
Kay, R. H. (2011). Examining the effectiveness of web-based learning tools in middle and secondary school science classrooms.  Interdisciplinary. Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 7, 359-374. 

Kay, R. H. (2011) Exploring the impact of web-based learning tools in middle school mathematics and science classrooms.  Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 30 (2), 141-162.

Kay, R. H. & Knaack, L. (2008). Exploring the use and effect of learning objects in middle school classrooms.  Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology, 34(1), 51-73

Pedagogy
Kay, R. H. (2013). Evaluating the instructional architecture of web-based learning tools (WBLTs): Direct instruction vs. constructivism revisited. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 24(1),33-51.

Kay, R. H. & Knaack, L. (2007).  Evaluating the learning in learning objects.  Open Learning, 22(1), 5-28.

Kay. R. H., Knaack, L., & Muirhead, B. (2009). A formative analysis of instructional strategies for using learning objects.  Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 20(2), 295-315.

Scale Development
Kay, R. H. (2011). Evaluating learning, design, and engagement in web-based learning tools (WBLTs):  The WBLT Evaluation Scale.  Computers in Human Behaviour, 27(5), 1849-1856.  doi:10.1016/j.chb.2011.04.007

Kay. R. H., & Knaack, L. (2009). Assessing Learning, Quality and Engagement in Learning Objects: The Learning Object Evaluation Scale for Students (LOES-S). Education Technology Research and Development, 57 (2), 147-168.

Kay, R. H. & Knaack, L. (2008). A multi-component model for assessing learning objects: The learning object evaluation metric (LOEM).  Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 24(5), 574-591. 

Science
Kay, R. H. (2011) Exploring the impact of web-based learning tools in middle school mathematics and science classrooms.  Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 30 (2), 141-162.

Kay, R. H. & Knaack, L. (2009). Analyzing the effectiveness of learning objects for secondary school science classrooms. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 18(2), 113-135. 

Kay, R. H., & Knaack, L. (2007c).  Evaluating the use of learning objects for secondary school science.  Journal of Computers in Mathematics and Science Teaching, 26(4), 261-289.

Secondary School
Kay, R. H. (2012).  Exploring the use of web-based learning tools in secondary school classrooms.  Interactive Learning Environments, 20(1), 1-17. doi:10.1080/10494820.2011.64167

Kay, R. H. (2009). Understanding factors that influence of the effectiveness of learning objects in secondary school classrooms. In L. T. W. Hin & R. Subramaniam (Eds.) Handbook of Research on New Media Literacy at the K-12 Level: Issues and Challenges (pp.419-435). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.

Kay, R. H., & Knaack, L. (2008). An examination of the impact of learning objects in secondary school. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 24(6) 447-461.

Kay, R. H., & Knaack, L. (2007a). A systematic evaluation of learning objects for secondary school students. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 35 (4), 411-448.

Kay, R. H., & Knaack, L. (2005). Developing learning objects for secondary school students: A multi-component model. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects, 1, 229-254.

Teachers
Kay, R. H., Knaack, L., & Petrarca, D. (2009). Exploring teacher perceptions of web-based learning tools.  Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects, 5, 27-50.

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